A video wall is a special multi-monitor setup that consists of multiple computer monitors, video projectors, or television sets tiled together contiguously or overlapped in order to form one large screen. Typical display technologies include LCD panels, LED arrays, DLP tiles, and rear projection screens.
Screens specifically designed for use in video walls usually have narrow bezels in order to minimize mullion, the gap between active display areas, and are built with long-term serviceability in mind. Such screens often contain the hardware necessary to stack similar screens together, along with connections to daisy chain power, video, and command signals between screens.
A command signal may, for example, power all screens in the video wall
on or off, or calibrate the brightness of a single screen after bulb
replacement.
Reasons for using a video wall instead of a single large screen can
include the ability to customize tile layouts, greater screen area per
unit cost, and greater pixel density per unit cost, due to the economics of manufacturing single screens which are unusual in shape, size, or resolution.
Video walls are sometimes found in control rooms, stadiums, and other large public venues, such as Oakland International Airport's baggage claim,
where patrons are expected to observe the display at long distances.
Video walls can also benefit smaller venues when patrons may view the
screens both up close and at a distance, respectively necessitating both
high pixel density and large size. For example, the 100-inch video wall
located in the main lobby of the Lafayette Library and Learning Center
has enough size for the distant passerby to view photos while also
providing the nearby observer enough resolution to read about upcoming
events.
Simple video walls can be driven from multi-monitor
video cards, however more complex arrangements may require specialized
video processors, specifically designed to manage and drive large video
walls. There is also new software-centric video wall technology that uses ordinary PCs, displays and networking equipment.
The largest video wall as of 2013 is located at the backstretch of the Charlotte Motor Speedway motorsport track. Developed by Panasonic, it measures 200 by 80 feet (61 by 24 m) and uses LED technology. The Texas Motor Speedway will install in 2014 an even larger screen, measuring 218 by 125 feet (66 by 38 m)
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